Storage Device Testing System Cooling

ABSTRACT

A storage device testing system that includes at least one rack, test slots housed by each rack, and at least one air mover in pneumatic communication with the test slots. Each test slot includes a test slot housing having an entrance and an exit, with the entrance configured to receive a storage device. The at least one air mover is configured to move air exterior to the racks into the entrance of each test slot housing, over the received storage device, and out of the exit of each test slot housing.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This disclosure relates to cooling a storage device testing system.

BACKGROUND

Storage device manufacturers typically test manufactured storage devices for compliance with a collection of requirements. Test equipment and techniques exist for testing large numbers of storage devices serially or in parallel. Manufacturers tend to test large numbers of storage devices simultaneously in batches. Storage device testing systems typically include one or more racks having multiple test slots that receive storage devices for testing.

During the manufacture of disk drives or other storage devices, it is common to control the temperature of the storage devices, e.g., to ensure that the storage devices are functional over a predetermined temperature range. For this reason, the testing environment immediately around the storage devices can be varied under program control. In some known testing systems, sometimes called “batch testers,” the temperature of plural storage devices is adjusted by using cooling or heating air which is common to all of the storage devices.

Batch testers generally require all storage device tests to be at substantially the same temperature, and require all storage devices to be inserted or removed from the test system at substantially the same time. Storage devices generally vary substantially in both the time required to test them and the amount of time that each test requires a particular ambient temperature. Because of these variations, batch testers tend to inefficiently use available testing capacity. There are also known testing systems that allow separate control of the insertion, removal, and temperature of each storage device. These test systems tend to more efficiently use the available testing capacity, but require duplication of temperature control components across every test slot, or sharing of those components among a small number of test slots.

Some storage device test systems use heated or cooled air to heat or cool the storage device. For separate thermal control of each storage device, a separate closed-loop air flow is sometimes used, with heaters or coolers disposed in the air flow. In some examples, the storage device is allowed to self-heat, and thus only a cooler is used. Heating may also be enhanced by reducing or otherwise controlling the flow of the air, and cooling may also be enhanced by increasing the air flow. In some examples of separate thermal control of each storage device, air is drawn from ambient air outside of the tester, rather than through a cooler that draws heat from a closed loop air flow.

Disadvantages of systems with separate thermal controls for each test slot include the need for many separate thermal control components for each test slot (e.g., heaters, coolers, fans, and/or controllable baffles). In addition, efficient use of energy generally requires each test slot to have a closed loop air flow system during at least some of the operating time. A closed loop air flow system typically requires ducting for the air to flow in both directions, which requires additional space for the air return path. In addition, coolers may create condensation when operating below the dew point of the air. The formation of condensation may be avoided at the cost of reduced cooling performance, by limiting the coolant temperature. Alternatively, the formation of condensation may be avoided controlling and/or removing the moisture content in the air.

SUMMARY

The present disclosure provides a storage device testing system that reduces the number of temperature control components generally required, while still allowing separate control of the temperature of each test slot, thus achieving greater test slot density and lower cost. The storage device testing system provides separate thermal control for each storage device test slot, with relatively fewer thermal control components, and without a separate closed loop air flow path for each test slot. The thermal control for a storage device testing system results in substantially no condensation forming in or near the test slot, without having to manage the moisture content of the air. The storage device testing system uses a common reservoir of cooled air, which is cooled by relatively few heat exchangers. Condensation formed on the heat exchangers is concentrated in relatively few locations and may be removed by conventional methods, such as evaporators or drains. Alternatively, the heat exchangers may be controlled to operate above the dew point. Air from the common reservoir is drawn though each test slot using a separate controllable air mover for each test slot. The amount of cooling may be controlled by the speed of the air mover. To heat a storage device received in a test slot, a heater may be placed in an inlet air path to the test slot, a direct contact heater may be placed on the received storage device, or the storage device may be allowed to self heat by reducing or shutting off the air flow through the test slot. In some implementations, the reservoir of cooled air is formed by the shape of the storage device testing system, rather than by a separate enclosure. The cooling air may also be used to cool other electronics disposed with in the storage device testing system.

One aspect of the disclosure provides a storage device testing system that includes at least one rack, at least one test slot housed by each rack, and at least one air mover in pneumatic communication with the test slots. Each test slot includes a test slot housing having an entrance and an exit, with the entrance configured to receive a storage device. The at least one air mover is configured to move air exterior to the at least one rack into the entrance of each test slot housing, over the received storage device, and out of the exit of each test slot housing.

Implementations of the disclosure may include one or more of the following features. In some implementations, each rack includes an air conduit pneumatically connecting the test slots of the rack to the at least one air mover. The at least one air mover moves air out of the exit of each test slot housing through the air conduit and to an environment outside of the rack (e.g., via an air exit of the rack). In some examples, the exit of each test slot housing of each rack is in pneumatic communication with the at least one air mover. In other examples, the at least one air mover is disposed on each rack in pneumatic communication with the test slots of the respective rack. In some implementations, each test slot housing has first and second portions. The first portion of the test slot housing defines the entrance and is configured to receive a storage device. The at least one air mover is dedicated to its assigned test slot, for controlling air flow through that test slot. In some examples, the at least one air mover is in pneumatic communication with the second portion of the test slot housing, while in other examples the air mover is disposed exterior or adjacent to the test slot housing. The air mover, in some examples, includes an air entrance and an air exit. The air mover receives air along a first direction through its air entrance and delivers air out of its air exit along a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction.

The test slot housing entrance may be configured to receive a storage device transporter, which has first and second portions. The first portion of the storage device transporter includes an air director and the second portion of the storage device transporter is configured to receive the storage device. The air director directs air substantially simultaneously over at least top and bottom surfaces of the storage device received in the storage device transporter. Air exterior to the racks is moved into the air director of the received storage device transporter of the respective test slot over the received storage device and out the respective test slot exit by the at least one air mover. The air director of the received storage device transporter defines at least one air entrance, the storage device having top, bottom, front, rear, right, and left side surfaces. The front storage device surface has an electrical connector. The storage device is received with its rear surface substantially facing the first portion of the storage device transporter, and the at least one air entrance directs air over at least the top and bottom surfaces of the received storage device.

Another aspect of the disclosure provides a storage device testing system that includes at least one rack, an air heat exchanger in pneumatic communication with at least one rack, and test slots housed by each rack. Each test slot includes a test slot housing defining an entrance and an exit. The entrance is configured to receive a storage device and the exit is in pneumatic communication with the air heat exchanger. A test slot air mover is disposed in pneumatic communication with the test slot housing and is configured to move air into the test slot housing entrance, over the received storage device, and out of the test slot housing exit. Air exterior to the racks is moved into the test slot housing entrance, over the received storage device, by the respective test slot air mover and moved out the respective test slot housing exit and out of the respective rack. The air is moved through the air heat exchanger before and/or after passing over the received storage device

Implementations of the disclosure may include one or more of the following features. In some implementations, each rack includes an air conduit that provides pneumatic communication between each test slot housing exit and the air heat exchanger. The air heat exchanger may be remote to the test slots or adjacent the test slots. The air heat exchanger includes an air heat exchanger housing defining an entrance, an exit, and an air flow path therebetween. The air heat exchanger includes cooling elements disposed in the air flow path, and may include a pump or drain that delivers condensation accumulated from the air heat exchanger (if operating below dew point) out of the air heat exchanger, for example, to an evaporator or a drain. The evaporator may be disposed on the respective rack of the air heat exchanger in fluid communication with the at least one of the pump and the drain. In some examples, the air heat exchanger includes an air heat exchanger air mover for moving air into the air heat exchanger housing entrance over the cooling elements and out of the air heat exchanger housing exit.

In some implementations, the test slot housing entrance is configured to receive a storage device transporter. The storage device transporter has first and second portions. The first portion of the storage device transporter includes an air director and the second portion of the storage device transporter is configured to receive the storage device. The air director directs air substantially simultaneously over at least top and bottom surfaces of the storage device received in the storage device transporter. Air exterior to the racks is moved into the air director of the received storage device transporter of the respective test slot over the received storage device by the respective test slot air mover and moved out the respective test slot exit through the air heat exchanger and out of the respective rack. In some examples, the air director of a received storage device transporter defines at least one air entrance. The storage device has top, bottom, front, rear, right, and left side surfaces, with the front storage device surface having an electrical connector. The storage device is received with its rear surface substantially facing the first portion of the storage device transporter. The at least one air entrance directs air over at least the top and bottom surfaces of the received storage device. In some implementations, the second portion of the storage device transporter includes first and second arms configured to receive a storage device.

In some implementations, the air mover includes an air entrance and an air exit. The air mover receives air along a first direction through its air entrance and delivers air out of its air exit along a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction. The air mover may include an air mover body having a width of about 45 mm, a length of about 45 mm, and a height of about 10 mm. The air mover can be configured to produce an air flow rate between 0 and about 0.122 m³/min (4.308 CFM) and an air pressure between 0 and about 20.88 mm H₂O (0.822 inch H₂O).

The storage device testing system, in some implementations, includes at least one robotic arm defining a first axis substantially normal to a floor surface. The robotic arm is operable to rotate through a predetermined arc about, and extend radially from, the first axis. The racks are arranged around the robotic arm for servicing by the robotic arm. In some examples, the racks are arranged equidistantly radially away from the first axis of the robotic arm.

Another aspect of the disclosure provides a method of regulating the temperature of a storage device received in a storage device testing system. The method includes moving a flow of air into an air entrance of a test slot housing of a test slot received in a rack, moving the air flow over a storage device received in the test slot, moving the air out an air exit of the test slot housing of a test slot, and releasing the air exteriorly of the rack.

Implementations of the disclosure may include one or more of the following features. In some implementations, the method includes moving the air flow substantially simultaneously over at least top and bottom surfaces of a storage device received in the test slot. The method may include moving air exterior to the rack into the test slot housing entrance, over the received storage device, and moving the air out the test slot housing exit through an air conduit and out of the rack. The air conduit is in pneumatic communication with the exits of each test slot housing in the rack. In some examples, the air is moved through the test slots and the air conduit with an air mover pneumatically connected to the air conduit. The air may be moved through the test slots with a test slot air mover and into the air conduit for deliverance out of the rack.

The method may include moving air exterior to the rack into the test slot housing entrance, over the received storage device, by a test slot air mover of the test slot, and moving the air out the test slot housing exit through an air heat exchanger. Moving the air out of the test slot housing exit to the air heat exchanger may include moving the air through an air conduit in pneumatic communication with the test slot housing exit of each test slot of the rack and the air heat exchanger.

In some implementations, the method includes moving the air through the air heat exchanger with an air heat exchanger air mover. The air heat exchanger air mover moves air from the air conduit into an entrance of the air heat exchanger, over cooling elements of the air heat exchanger, and out an exit of the air heat exchanger. The method may include pumping or otherwise moving condensation (e.g., of the air heat exchanger) out of the rack (e.g., to an evaporator or drain).

In some implementations, the method includes receiving the flow of air from over the received storage device into an air mover along a first direction and delivering the air flow from the air mover to the test slot housing exit along a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction. The method may include moving the flow of air into an air entrance of a storage device transporter received in the entrance of the test slot housing. The storage device transporter supports the received storage device in pneumatic communication with the air entrance of the storage device transporter. In some examples, the method includes moving the flow of air through an air director of the storage device transporter. The air director directs the air flow over at least the top and bottom surfaces of the received storage device. In some implementations, the storage device transporter has first and second portions. The first portion includes the air director and the second portion is configured to receive the storage device. The storage device has top, bottom, front, rear, right, and left side surfaces, with the front storage device surface having an electrical connector. The method may include receiving the storage device with its rear surface substantially facing the first portion of the storage device transporter.

The details of one or more implementations of the disclosure are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, objects, and advantages will be apparent from the description and drawings, and from the claims.

DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a storage device testing system having racks arranged in a substantially circular configuration.

FIG. 2 is a top view of the storage device testing system shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a storage device testing system and a transfer station.

FIG. 4A is a side perspective view of a storage device transporter.

FIG. 4B is a front perspective views of the storage device transporter shown in FIG. 4A.

FIG. 4C is a bottom perspective views of a storage device transporter carrying a storage device.

FIG. 4D is a side perspective views of a storage device transporter receiving a storage device.

FIGS. 5A and 5B are perspective views of a rack receiving a test slot carrier holding test slots.

FIG. 6A is a perspective views of a test slot carrier holding test slots, one of which is receiving a storage device transporter carrying a storage device.

FIG. 6B is a rear perspective views of the test slot carrier of FIG. 6A.

FIG. 6C is a sectional view of a test slot carrier along line 6C-6C in FIG. 6A.

FIGS. 7A and 7B are perspective views of a test slot receiving a storage device transporter carrying a storage device.

FIG. 7C is a rear perspective view of a test slot.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an air mover.

FIGS. 9A and 9B are perspective views of a rack of a storage device testing system showing an air flow path through the rack and test slots housed by the rack.

Like reference symbols in the various drawings indicate like elements.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Temperature regulation of a storage device can be an important factor during testing (e.g., validation, qualification, functional testing, etc.) of the storage device. One method of performing temperature regulation includes moving air over and/or about the storage device during testing. As will be discussed in detail, the volume, temperature, and flow path of the air moved with respect to the storage device during testing, inter alia, can each be factors in providing reliable, effective, and efficient temperature control of the storage device.

A storage device, as used herein, includes disk drives, solid state drives, memory devices, and any device that benefits from asynchronous testing for validation. A disk drive is generally a non-volatile storage device which stores digitally encoded data on rapidly rotating platters with magnetic surfaces. A solid-state drive (SSD) is a data storage device that uses solid-state memory to store persistent data. An SSD using SRAM or DRAM (instead of flash memory) is often called a RAM-drive. The term solid-state generally distinguishes solid-state electronics from electromechanical devices.

Referring to FIGS. 1-3, in some implementations, a storage device testing system 100 includes at least one automated transporter 200 (e.g. robot, robotic arm, gantry system, or multi-axis linear actuator) defining a first axis 205 (see FIG. 3) substantially normal to a floor surface 10. In the examples shown, the automated transporter 200 comprises a robotic arm 200 operable to rotate through a predetermined arc about the first axis 205 and to extend radially from the first axis 205. The robotic arm 200 is operable to rotate approximately 360° about the first axis 205 and includes a manipulator 210 disposed at a distal end 202 of the robotic arm 200 to handle one or more storage devices 500 and/or storage device transporters 800 to carry the storage devices 500 (see e.g., FIGS. 4A-4D). Multiple racks 300 are arranged around the robotic arm 200 for servicing by the robotic arm 200. Each rack 300 houses multiple test slots 330 configured to receive storage devices 500 for testing. The robotic arm 200 defines a substantially cylindrical working envelope volume 220, with the racks 300 being arranged within the working envelope 220 for accessibility of each test slot 330 for servicing by the robotic arm 200. The substantially cylindrical working envelope volume 220 provides a compact footprint and is generally only limited in capacity by height constraints. In some examples, the robotic arm 200 is elevated by and supported on a pedestal or lift 250 on the floor surface 10. The pedestal or lift 250 increases the size of the working envelope volume 220 by allowing the robotic arm 200 to reach not only upwardly, but also downwardly to service test slots 330. The size of the working envelope volume 220 can be further increased by adding a vertical actuator to the pedestal or lift 250. A controller 400 (e.g., computing device) communicates with each automated transporter 200 and rack 300. The controller 400 coordinates servicing of the test slots 330 by the automated transporter(s) 200.

The robotic arm 200 is configured to independently service each test slot 330 to provide a continuous flow of storage devices 500 through the testing system 100. A continuous flow of individual storage devices 500 through the testing system 100 allows varying start and stop times for each storage device 500, whereas other systems that require batches of storage devices 500 to be run all at once as an entire testing loaded must all have the same start and end times. Therefore, with continuous flow, storage devices 500 of different capacities can be run at the same time and serviced (loaded/unloaded) as needed.

Referring to FIGS. 1-3, the storage device testing system 100 includes a transfer station 600 configured for bulk feeding of storage devices 500 to the robotic arm 200. The robotic arm 200 independently services each test slot 330 by transferring a storage device 500 between the transfer station 600 and the test slot 330. The transfer station 600 houses one or more totes 700 carrying multiple storage devices 500 presented for servicing by the robotic arm 200. The transfer station 600 is a service point for delivering and retrieving storage devices 500 to and from the storage device testing system 100. The totes 700 allow an operator to deliver and retrieve a collection of storage devices 500 to and from the transfer station 600. In the example shown in FIG. 3, each tote 700 is accessible from respective tote presentation support systems 620 in a presentation position and may be designated as a source tote 700 for supplying a collection of storage devices 500 for testing or as a destination tote 700 for receiving tested storage devices 500 (or both). Destination totes 700 may be classified as “passed return totes” or “failed return totes” for receiving respective storage devices 500 that have either passed or failed a functionality test, respectively.

In implementations that employ storage device transporters 800 (FIGS. 4A-4D) for manipulating storage devices 500, the robotic arm 200 is configured to remove a storage device transporter 800 from one of the test slots 330 with the manipulator 210, then pick up a storage device 500 from one the totes 700 presented at the transfer station 600 or other presentation system (e.g., conveyor, loading/unloading station, etc.) with the storage device transporter 800, and then return the storage device transporter 800, with a storage device 500 therein, to the test slot 330 for testing of the storage device 500. After testing, the robotic arm 200 retrieves the tested storage device 500 from the test slot 330, by removing the storage device transporter 800 carrying the tested storage device 500 from the test slot 330 (i.e., with the manipulator 210), carrying the tested storage device 500 in the storage device transporter 800 to the transfer station 600, and manipulating the storage device transporter 800 to return the tested storage device 500 to one of the totes 700 at the transfer station 600 or other system (e.g., conveyor, loading/unloading station, etc.).

As illustrated in FIGS. 4A-4D, the storage device transporter 800 includes a transporter body 810 having first and second portions 802, 804. The first portion 802 of the transporter body 810 includes a manipulation feature 812 (e.g., indention, protrusion, aperture, etc.) configured to receive or otherwise be engaged by the manipulator 210 for transporting. The second portion 804 of the transporter body 810 is configured to receive a storage device 500. In some examples, the second transporter body portion 804 defines a substantially U-shaped opening 820 formed by first and second sidewalls 822, 824 and a base plate 826 of the transporter body 810. The storage device 500 is received in the U-shaped opening 820 and supported by at least the base plate 826. FIGS. 4C-4D illustrate an exemplary storage device 500 that includes a housing 510 having top, bottom, front, rear, left and right surfaces 512, 514, 516, 518, 520, 522. The U-shaped opening 820 allows air moving through the test sot 330 to flow over the bottom surface 514 of the storage device 500. The storage device 500 is typically received with its rear surface 518 substantially facing the first portion 802 of the storage device transporter body 810. The first portion 802 of the transporter body 810 includes an air director 830 that receives and directs air substantially simultaneously (e.g., in parallel) over at least the top and bottom surfaces 512, 514 of the storage device 500 received in the storage device transporter 800. The air director 830 defines at least one air entrance 832 (e.g., aperture, slot, etc.) for receiving air into the first portion 802 of the transporter body 810 and directing it out into the second portion 804 of the transporter body 800, such that the air can move over at least the top and bottom surfaces 512, 514 of the received storage device 500. In some implementations, the air director 830 includes a guide (e.g., diverter, fin, plenum, etc.) for guiding the air over the received storage device 500. In some examples, the air director 830 is weighted to stabilize the storage device transporter 800 against vibration.

In some examples, the storage device transporter 800 includes a heater 860 that either provides conductive heating by direct contact with a received storage device 500 or convective heating by heating air flowing into and/or over the storage device transporter 800 and the received storage device 500. A detailed description of the heater 860 and other details and features combinable with those described herein may be found in the following U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/503,593, filed on Jul. 15, 2009, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.

Some storage devices 500 can be sensitive to vibrations. Fitting multiple storage devices 500 in a single test rack 330 and running the storage devices 500 (e.g., during testing), as well as the insertion and removal of the storage device transporters 800, each optionally carrying a storage device 500, from the various test slots 330 in the test rack 300 can be sources of undesirable vibration. In some cases, for example, one of the storage devices 500 may be operating under test within one of the test slots 330, while others are being removed and inserted into adjacent test slots 330 in the same rack 300. Clamping the storage device transporter 800 to the test slot 330 after the storage device transporter 800 is fully inserted into the test slot 330 can help to reduce or limit vibrations by limiting the contact and scraping between the storage device transporters 800 and the test slots 330 during insertion and removal of the storage device transporters 800.

In some implementations, the manipulator 210 is configured to initiate actuation of a clamping mechanism 840 disposed in the storage device transporter 800. This allows actuation of the clamping mechanism 840 before the storage device transporter 800 is moved to and from the test slot 330 to inhibit movement of the storage device 500 relative to the storage device transporter 800 during the move. Prior to insertion in the test slot 330, the manipulator 210 can again actuate the clamping mechanism 840 to release the storage device 500 within the transporter body 800. This allows for insertion of the storage device transporter 800 into one of the test slots 330, until the storage device 500 is in a test position engaged with the test slot 330 (e.g., a storage device connector 532 (e.g., electrical connector) of the storage device 500 (FIG. 6C) is engaged with a test slot connector 392 (FIG. 6C) (e.g., electrical connector) of the test slot 330). The clamping mechanism 840 may also be configured to engage the test slot 330, once received therein, to inhibit movement of the storage device transporter 800 relative to the test slot 330. In such implementations, once the storage device 500 is in the test position, the clamping mechanism 840 is engaged again (e.g., by the manipulator 210) to inhibit movement of the storage device transporter 800 relative to the test slot 330. The clamping of the storage device transporter 800 in this manner can help to reduce vibrations during testing. In some examples, after insertion, the storage device transporter 800 and storage device 500 carried therein are both clamped or secured in combination or individually within the test slot 330. A detailed description of the storage device transporter 800 and other details and features combinable with those described herein may be found in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/503,687, filed on Jul. 15, 2009, and in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/503,567, filed on Jul. 15, 2009. These applications are hereby incorporated by reference in their entireties.

In the examples illustrated in FIGS. 5A and 5B, each rack 300 includes one or more carrier receptacles 310 each configured to receive a test slot carrier 320 that carries one or more test slots 330. The test slot carrier 320 provides a collection of test slots 330 that allows for bulk loading of test slots 330 into a rack 300. The rack 300 can be quickly serviced to change out different types of test slots 330 by removing one test slot carrier 320 having one type of test slots 330 from its respective carrier receptacle 310 and loading another carrier 320 having a different type or assortment of test slots 330 without having to modify the rack 300 to accommodate a particular mounting spacing for each type of test slot 330. Some carrier receptacles 310 may have a common standard size for receiving complementary standard sized test slot carriers 320. The number of test slot receptacles 324 any particular test slot carrier 320 carries may vary depending upon the type(s) of test slots 330 received therein. For example, a test slot carrier 320 will accommodate fewer relatively larger test slots 330 four receiving relatively larger storage devices 500 as compared to relatively smaller (thinner) test slots 300 for relatively smaller storage devices 500.

Each rack 300 includes an air conduit 340 (also shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B) that provides pneumatic communication between each test slot 330 of the respective rack 300 and an exit 353 of the rack 300. In some implementations, the air conduit 340 is formed by a space between the test slots 330 and a rear wall 303 of the rack 300. The air conduit 340 can also be attached to an exterior of the rack 300, such as the wedge shaped conduit 340 shown in FIG. 5B. In some implementations, as shown in FIG. 3, the air conduit 340 is in pneumatic communication with a system air mover 190 (e.g., via a common system air conduit 345) and/or air exterior to the rack 300, for moving air between the rack 300 and the environment around the rack 300. In this case, the system air mover 190 can be pneumatically connected to every air conduit 340 in the storage device testing system 100 (e.g., via the common system air conduit 345, which may include a bottom portion of the racks 300 below the test slots 330) to move air through each of the air conduits. The system air mover 190 moves air exterior of the racks 300 through the test slots 330 into the air conduits 340 and back out of the racks 300.

In the example shown in FIG. 5B, the air conduit 340 (also shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B) provides pneumatic communication between each test slot 330 of the respective rack 300 and an air heat exchanger 350. The air heat exchanger 350 is disposed below the carrier receptacles 310 remote to received test slots 330. The air heat exchanger 350 includes an air heat exchanger housing 352 defining an entrance 351, an exit 353, and an air flow path 305 therebetween. In some implementations, cooling elements 354 are disposed in the housing 352 in the air flow path 305 and a pump 356 delivers condensation accumulated from the air heat exchanger 350 to an evaporator 360, which may be disposed on the respective rack 300 of the air heat exchanger 350 (e.g., above the carrier receptacles 310), or to a drain. The air heat exchanger 350 may include an air mover 358 that pulls the air from the air conduit 340 into the entrance 351 of the air heat exchanger housing 352 over the cooling elements 354, if implemented, and moves the air out of the air heat exchanger housing exit 353 and out of the rack 300.

Referring to FIGS. 6A-6C, each test slot carrier 320 includes a body 322 having test slot receptacles 324 that are each configured to receive a test slot 330. Each test slot 330 is configured to receive a storage device transporter 800, which is configured to receive the storage device 500 and be handled by the manipulator 210 of the robotic arm 200. In use, one of the storage device transporters 800 is removed from or delivered to one of the test slots 330 by the robotic arm 200. Each test slot receptacle 324 may include one or more isolators 326 (e.g., rubber grommet) to dampen or isolate vibrations between the carrier body 322 and a received storage device 500. A detailed description of the test slot carrier 320 and other details and features combinable with those described herein may be found in the following U.S. patent applications filed concurrently herewith, entitled “Test Slot Carriers”, with attorney docket number: 18523-0102001, inventors: Brian Merrow et al., and having assigned serial number ______, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.

Referring to FIGS. 6C and 7A-7C, each test slot 330 includes a test slot housing 340 for receipt by the rack 300 or a test slot receptacle 324 of a test slot carrier 320. The test slot housing 340 has first and second portions 342, 344. The first portion 342 of the test slot housing 340 defines a device opening 346 sized to receive a storage device 500 and/or a storage device transporter 800 carrying the storage device 500. The second portion 344 of the test slot housing 340 includes an air exit 348, electronics 390 (e.g., circuit board(s)), and an optional air mover 900. The electronics 390 are in communication with a test slot connector 392, which is configured to receive and establish electrical communication with a storage device connector 532 of the storage device 500. The electronics 390 also include a slot-rack connector 394 for establishing electrical communication with the rack 300. Air moved through the test slot 300 can be directed over the electronics 390.

FIG. 8 illustrates an exemplary air mover 900 which has an air entrance 902 that receives air along a first direction 904 and an air exit 906 that delivers air along a second direction 908 substantially perpendicular to the first direction. Changing the direction of air movement within the air mover 900 eliminates the efficiency loss of changing the air flow direction within a conduit, thereby increasing the cooling efficiency of the storage device testing system 100. In some implementations, the air mover 900 includes an impeller 910 rotating at about 7100 revolutions per minute (rpm) to produce an air flow rate of up to about 0.122 m³/min (4.308 CFM) (at zero static pressure) and an air pressure of up to about 20.88 mm H₂O (0.822 inch H₂O) (at zero air flow). In some instances, the air mover 900 is the largest component of a cooling system for a test slot 330. The substantially horizontal placement of the air mover 900 within the storage device testing system 100 allows for a relatively lower overall height of the test slot 330 (allowing greater test slot density in the rack 300 and/or test slot carrier 320).

FIGS. 6C and 9A-9B illustrate a flow path 305 of air through test slots 330 and a rack 300 for regulating the temperature of a storage device 500 received in the storage device testing system 100. The air mover 900 of each test slot 330 housed in the rack 300 moves a flow of air from an exterior space of the rack 300 into at least one entrance 832 of the air director 830 of a storage device transporter 800 received in the test slot 330. The air flow is directed substantially simultaneously over at least top and bottom surfaces 512, 514 of the storage device 500 received in the storage device transporter 800. FIG. 6C provides a side sectional view of the test slot 330 and the air flow path 305 over the top and bottom surfaces 512, 514 of the received storage device 500. The air may also flow over other surfaces of the storage device 500 (e.g., front, back, left and right sides 516, 518, 520, 522). If no storage device 500 or storage device transporter 800 is received in the test slot 330, the air can flow directly through the first portion 342 of the test housing 340 to the air mover 900. The air mover 900 moves the air through the second portion 344 of the test slot housing 340 and out an air exit 348 (FIG. 6B) of the test slot 330 into the air conduit 340. The air moves through the air conduit 340 to the air heat exchanger 350 or the environment exterior to the rack 300. After passing through the air heat exchanger 350 the air is released back into the exterior space of the rack 300.

In some examples, the air mover 900 pulls the air into the air director 830 of storage device transporter 800, which directs the air flow 305 over at least the top and bottom surfaces 512, 514 of the storage device 500. The air mover 900 receives the flow of air from over the received storage device 500 along a first direction and delivers the air flow from the air mover 900 to the exit 348 of the test slot 330 along a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction.

In the examples shown, the storage device transporter 800 provides closure of the device opening 346 of the test slot housing 340 once received therein. As the air mover 900 moves the air to circulate along the air path 305, the air moves from the first portion 342 of the test slot housing 340 along a common direction to the second portion 344 of the test slot housing 340 while traversing the entire length of the received storage device 500. Since the air moves substantially concurrently along at least the top and bottom surfaces 512, 514 of the storage device 500, the air provides substantially even cooling of the storage device 500. If the air was routed along one side of the storage device first, such as the top surface 512, and then directed along another side sequentially second, such as the bottom surface 514, the air would become preheated after passing over the first side of the storage device 500 before passing over any additional sides of the storage device, thereby providing relatively less efficient cooling than flowing air over two or more sides of the storage device 500 substantially concurrently and/or without recirculation over the storage device 500 before passing through the air heat exchanger 350.

A method of performing storage device testing includes presenting one or more storage devices 500 to a storage device testing system 100 for testing at a source location (e.g., a loading/unloading station 600, storage device tote 700, test slot(s) 330, etc.) and actuating an automated transporter 200 (e.g. robotic arm) to retrieve one or more storage devices 500 from the source location and deliver the retrieved storage device(s) 500 to corresponding test slots 330 disposed on a rack 300 of the storage device testing system 100. The method includes actuating the automated transporter 200 to insert each retrieved storage device 500 in its respective test slot 330, and performing a test (e.g., functionality, power, connectivity, etc.) on the storage devices 500 received by the test slot 330. The method may also include actuating the automated transporter 200 to retrieve the tested storage device(s) 500 from the test slot(s) 330 and deliver the tested storage device(s) 500 to a destination location (e.g., another test slot 330, a storage device tote 700, a loading/unloading station 600, etc).

A method of regulating the temperature of a storage device 500 received in a storage device testing system 100 includes moving a flow of air into an air entrance 346 of a test slot housing 340 of a test slot 330 of a rack 300, moving the air flow over a storage device 500 received in the test slot 330, moving the air out an air exit 348 of the test slot housing 340 of the test slot 330, and releasing the air exteriorly of the rack 300. This method may be executed on a storage device testing system 100 to reduce the relative number of temperature control components generally required, while still allowing separate control of the temperature of each test slot 330. The method allows the storage device testing system 100 to have separate thermal control for each storage device test slot 330, with relatively fewer thermal control components, and without a separate closed loop air flow path for each test slot 330. In some examples, the method results in substantially no condensation forming in or near the test slot(s) 330, without having to manage the moisture content of the air.

In some implementations, the method includes using a common reservoir of cooled air, which may cooled by one or more air heat exchangers 350. Condensation formed on the air heat exchanger(s) 350 is concentrated in relatively few locations and may be removed by conventional methods, such as evaporators or drains. Alternatively, the heat exchanger(s) 350 may be controlled to operate above the dew point. Air from the common reservoir is drawn though each test slot 330 using a separate controllable air mover 900 for each test slot 330. The amount of cooling may be controlled by the speed of the air mover 900. To heat a storage device 500 received in a test slot 330, a heater 860 may be disposed so as to heat the received storage device 500 either directly or indirectly. For example, the heater 860 maybe placed in the inlet air path 346 to the test slot 330 and/or in direct contact with the received storage device. In some examples, the method includes allowing the received storage device 500 to self heat by reducing or shutting off the air flow through the test slot 300. In some implementations, the reservoir of cooled air is formed by the shape of the storage device testing system 100, rather than by a separate enclosure. The cooling air may also be used to cool other electronics disposed with in the storage device testing system 100.

In some examples, the air is moved to flow substantially simultaneously over at least the top and bottom surfaces 512, 514 of the storage device 500 received in the test slot 330. In some implementations, the method includes pulling air exterior of the rack 300 into a first portion 342 of the test slot housing 340 with an air mover 900 disposed in the test slot housing 340 and then moving the air through a second portion 344 of the test slot housing 340 over electronics 350 disposed in the second portion 344 and out an air exit 348 of the test slot housing 340. The method may include receiving the flow of air into the air mover 900 along a first direction 904 and moving the flow to the air exit 906 of the air mover 900 along a second direction 908 substantially perpendicular to the first direction 904. In some examples, the method includes delivering the air flow out of the air mover 900 at an air flow rate of up to about 0.122 m3/min (4.308 CFM) and an air pressure of up to about 20.88 mm H2O (0.822 inch H2O).

The method may include moving the air flow through an air director 830 of a storage device transporter 800 holding the storage device 500 and received in the test slot 330. The air director 830 defines one or more air entrances 832 that receive and direct the flow of air over at least the top and bottom surfaces 512, 514 of the storage device 500. The storage device transporter 800 includes a body 800 having first and second portions 802, 804. In some examples, the method includes receiving the storage device 500, which has top, bottom, front, rear, right, and left side surfaces 512, 514, 516, 518, 520, 522, in the storage device transporter 800 such that the rear surface 518 substantially faces the first body portion 802 of the storage device transporter body 800. The method may include weighting the air director 830 to reduce movement of the storage device transporter 800 while received by the storage device testing system 100.

In some implementations, the method includes moving the flow of air from the test slot 330 to an air heat exchanger 350 through an air conduit 340 that provides pneumatic communication therebetween. The air heat exchanger 350, in some examples, includes an air mover 358 that pulls the air from the air conduit 340 into the entrance 351 of the air heat exchanger housing 352 over the cooling elements 354 and moves the air out of the air heat exchanger housing exit 353 and out of the rack 300. The method may also include pumping condensation of the air heat exchanger 350 to an evaporator 360 disposed on the rack 300 or pumping to a drain, or allowing the condensate to drain through gravity.

A number of implementations have been described. Nevertheless, it will be understood that various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. For example, the air may flow in the opposite direction from that given in the exemplary embodiments. Air may also flow over only one side of the storage device, instead of over both the top and bottom surfaces. In systems with one air mover per test slot, the test slot air mover may be disposed in a number of locations, some not physically connected to the slot. Thermal control of the test slot may include means of heating the air by the addition of a heater in the inlet stream of the test slot. Accordingly, other implementations are within the scope of the following claims. 

1. A storage device testing system comprising: at least one rack; at least one test slot housed by each rack, each test slot comprising a test slot housing having an entrance and an exit, the entrance configured to receive a storage device; and at least one air mover in pneumatic communication with the at least one test slot; wherein the at least one air mover is configured to move air exterior to the at least one rack into the entrance of each test slot housing, over the received storage device, and out of the exit of each test slot housing.
 2. The storage device testing system of claim 1, wherein each rack comprises an air conduit pneumatically connecting the test slots of the rack to the at least one air mover, the at least one air mover moving air out of the exit of each test slot housing through the air conduit and to an environment outside of the rack.
 3. The storage device testing system of claim 2, wherein the exit of each test slot housing of every rack is in pneumatic communication with the at least one air mover.
 4. The storage device testing system of claim 2, wherein the at least one air mover is disposed on each rack in pneumatic communication with the test slots of the respective rack.
 5. The storage device testing system of claim 1, wherein each test slot housing has first and second portions, the first portion of the test slot housing defines the entrance and is configured to receive a storage device, the at least one air mover in pneumatic communication with the second portion of the test slot housing.
 6. The storage device testing system of claim 5, wherein the air mover includes an air entrance and an air exit, the air mover receiving air along a first direction through its air entrance and delivering air out of its air exit along a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction.
 7. The storage device testing system of claim 1, wherein the test slot housing entrance is configured to receive a storage device transporter, the storage device transporter has first and second portions, the first portion of the storage device transporter including an air director, the second portion of the storage device transporter configured to receive the storage device, the air director directing air substantially simultaneously over at least top and bottom surfaces of the storage device received in the storage device transporter.
 8. The storage device testing system of claim 7, wherein air exterior to the racks is moved into the air director of the received storage device transporter of the respective test slot over the received storage device and out the respective test slot exit by the at least one air mover.
 9. The storage device testing system of claim 7, wherein the air director of the received storage device transporter defines at least one air entrance, the storage device having top, bottom, front, rear, right, and left side surfaces, the front storage device surface having an electrical connector, the storage device being received with its rear surface substantially facing the first portion of the storage device transporter, wherein the at least one air entrance directs air over at least the top and bottom surfaces of the received storage device.
 10. A storage device testing system comprising: at least one rack; an air heat exchanger in pneumatic communication with at least one rack; and test slots housed by each rack, each test slot comprising: a test slot housing defining an entrance and an exit, the entrance configured to receive a storage device, at least one of the entrance and the exit in pneumatic communication with the air heat exchanger; and a test slot air mover disposed in pneumatic communication with the test slot housing and configured to move air into the test slot housing entrance, over the received storage device, and out of the test slot housing exit; wherein air exterior to the racks is moved into the test slot housing entrance, over the received storage device, by the respective test slot air mover and moved out the respective test slot housing exit and out of the respective rack, the air being moved through the air heat exchanger at least one of before and after passing over the received storage device.
 11. The storage device testing system of claim 10, wherein each rack comprises an air conduit that provides pneumatic communication between each test slot housing exit and the air heat exchanger.
 12. The storage device testing system of claim 10, wherein the air heat exchanger comprises: an air heat exchanger housing defining an entrance, an exit, and an air flow path therebetween; cooling elements disposed in the air flow path; and at least one of a pump and drain for delivering condensation accumulated from the air heat exchanger out of the air heat exchanger.
 13. The storage device testing system of claim 12, wherein the air heat exchanger further comprises an air heat exchanger air mover for moving air into the air heat exchanger housing entrance over the cooling elements and out of the air heat exchanger housing exit.
 14. The storage device testing system of claim 12, wherein the air heat exchanger further comprises an evaporator disposed on the respective rack of the air heat exchanger and in fluid communication with the at least one of the pump and the drain.
 15. The storage device testing system of claim 10, wherein the test slot housing entrance is configured to receive a storage device transporter, the storage device transporter has first and second portions, the first portion of the storage device transporter including an air director, the second portion of the storage device transporter configured to receive the storage device, the air director directing air substantially simultaneously over at least top and bottom surfaces of the storage device received in the storage device transporter.
 16. The storage device testing system of claim 15, wherein air exterior to the racks is moved into the air director of the received storage device transporter of the respective test slot over the received storage device by the respective test slot air mover and moved out the respective test slot exit through the air heat exchanger and out of the respective rack.
 17. The storage device testing system of claim 15, wherein the air director of the received storage device transporter defines at least one air entrance, the storage device having top, bottom, front, rear, right, and left side surfaces, the front storage device surface having an electrical connector, the storage device being received with its rear surface substantially facing the first portion of the storage device transporter, wherein the at least one air entrance directs air over at least the top and bottom surfaces of the received storage device.
 18. The storage device testing system of claim 10, wherein the air mover includes an air entrance and an air exit, the air mover receiving air along a first direction through its air entrance and delivering air out of its air exit along a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction.
 19. The storage device testing system of claim 18, wherein the air mover comprises an air mover body having a width of about 45 mm, a length of about 45 mm, and a height of about 10 mm.
 20. The storage device testing system of claim 10, further comprising at least one robotic arm defining a first axis substantially normal to a floor surface, the robotic arm operable to rotate through a predetermined arc about, and extend radially from, the first axis, the racks arranged around the robotic arm for servicing by the robotic arm.
 21. A method of regulating the temperature of a storage device received in a storage device testing system, the method comprising: moving a flow of air into an air entrance of a test slot housing of a test slot received in a rack; moving the air flow over a storage device received in the test slot; moving the air out an air exit of the test slot housing of the test slot; and releasing the air exteriorly of the rack.
 22. The method of claim 21, further comprising moving the air flow substantially simultaneously over at least top and bottom surfaces of a storage device received in the test slot.
 23. The method of claim 21, further comprising: moving air exterior to the rack into the test slot housing entrance, over the received storage device; and moving the air out the test slot housing exit through an air conduit and out of the rack; wherein the air conduit is in pneumatic communication with the exits of each test slot housing of the rack.
 24. The method of claim 23, further comprising moving the air through the test slots and the air conduit with an air mover pneumatically connected to the air conduit.
 25. The method of claim 23, further comprising moving the air through the test slots with a test slot air mover and into the air conduit for deliverance out of the rack.
 26. The method of claim 21, further comprising moving air exterior to the rack into the test slot housing entrance, over the received storage device, by a test slot air mover of the test slot, and moving the air out the test slot housing exit through an air heat exchanger.
 27. The method of claim 26, wherein moving the air out of the test slot housing exit to the air heat exchanger comprises moving the air through an air conduit in pneumatic communication with the test slot housing exit of each test slot of the rack and the air heat exchanger.
 28. The method of claim 26, further comprising moving the air through the air heat exchanger with an air heat exchanger air mover, the air heat exchanger air mover moving air from the air conduit into an entrance of the air heat exchanger, over cooling elements of the air heat exchanger, and out an exit of the air heat exchanger.
 29. The method of claim 21, further comprising pumping condensation out of the rack.
 30. The method of claim 21, further comprising receiving the flow of air from over the received storage device into an air mover along a first direction and delivering the air flow from the air mover to the test slot housing exit along a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction.
 31. The method of claim 21, further comprising moving the flow of air into an air entrance of a storage device transporter received in the entrance of the test slot housing, the storage device transporter supporting the received storage device in pneumatic communication with the air entrance of the storage device transporter.
 32. The method of claim 31, further comprising moving the flow of air through an air director of the storage device transporter, the air director directing the air flow over at least the top and bottom surfaces of the received storage device.
 33. The method of claim 31, wherein the storage device transporter has first and second portions, the first portion including the air director, the second portion configured to receive the storage device, the storage device having top, bottom, front, rear, right, and left side surfaces, the front storage device surface having an electrical connector, the method further comprising receiving the storage device with its rear surface substantially facing the first portion of the storage device transporter. 